Mediating Conflicts, Adjectives, and Adverbs
Adverbs change
the meaning of verbs, adjectives, adverbs, or the whole sentence.
Adjectives describe nouns.
All colors, numbers,and
nationalities are adjectives.
Organise your Sentences
Present your opinion in a logical way.
a. Topic sentence: Your opinion
b. Reason 1
c. Reason 2
d. Reason 3
e. Concluding sentence: Summarise the three reasons and restate your opinion.
Adjectives
Look at the following sentences with highlighted
adjectives.
1. A member of the Kurdish negotiating team in Baghdad said that one of the main preconditions by the Kurds for joining Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi’s government is that the issue of the disputed territories in Kirkuk, Nineveh and Diyala has to be settled within one year.
2. “We have to make it clear to Baghdad that Article 140 is practically solved on the ground,” said Hamay Haji Mahmoud, the leader of the Kurdistan Socialist Party, who now leads Peshmerga battalions south of Kirkuk.
3. He said he had little hope that the negotiations with Baghdad would yield any positive results.
4. The main provision of Article 140 says that Arab families who were brought to Kirkuk under Saddam’s settlement plan have to return to their own homes in the south once financially compensated; Kurdish families displaced in the 1980s wil have a chance to reclaim their lands.
5. The Kurds have warned that, unless they have a real role in an inclusive Iraqi government, they will hold a referendum on independence.
Adverbs
Look at the following sentences with highlighted
adverbs.
1. Arab families who were brought to Kirkuk under Saddam’s settlement plan have to return to their own homes in the south once financially compensated.
2. The Kurds have already announced that Article 140, a provision in the Iraqi constitution over the procedure to settle ownership of the lands, is dead.
3. In June, and after the takeover of central Iraq by the Islamic State (IS) forces, Kurdish Peshmergas troops moved into all territories previously held by joint Iraqi and Kurdish forces.
4. “We can trust them only if Abadi says clearly that solving the territorial dispute would be part of his agenda.”
5. Meanwhile, Peshmerga forces are engaged in daily battles with Islamist militants south of Kirkuk.
Adapted from Talks on New Iraqi Government Snag
over Disputed Kurdish
Territories by Nawzad Mahmoud Rudaw, 7/9/2014
How to form adjectives
We can form an adjective by adding a suffix to a noun or verb.
Here are some common suffixes wih example adjectives:
ful beautiful
ible incredible
able readable
ant elegant
ive active
ous dangerous
ic academeic
ian vegetarian
ly friendly
ish childish
ical logical
less hopeless
en golden
This is an example of a simple written agreement between to students who had a conflict about noise, smoke, and gossip in the dormitory.
Agreement
We hereby agree that we will use our shared room in the dormitory for studying and sleeping only. We agree that smoking is not accepted in the room, and that visitors are only allowed in the kitchen area. We also agree that all lights should be switched off by 23pm. Finally, we agree that we will not talk about each other to other people.
_____________________ ____________________
Signed by Mahmood Hassan Signed by Allan Ibrahim
Do you know about two individuals who cannot agree? Do you want to help them solve their conflict? Learn how to mediate a conflict by studying the information below.
Learn to Mediate Conflicts
What you need for this exercise:
1 mediator, 2 people who are in conflict, 1 recording device (e.g. your smart phone)
The role as the mediator:
You have to mediate a conflict between two people with different values and interests.
Follow these steps in the mediation process to solve the conflict(s) between the two:
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Explain your role in the mediating process and explain what the rules (e.g. no shouting, no physical contact etc.) are, and that you will not take side or give advice, and that you will not tell anybody else about the conflict.
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Invite the parties to take turn explaining the conflict in their own words. Make sure the parties do not interrupt each other. You can ask questions for clarification, and paraphrase the feelings to ensure the parties understand.
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Try to identify a shared success criteria that could lead to a compromise (e.g. no violence, safety, peace, no gossip, etc.)
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Brainstorm solutions to solve the conflict. Tell the parties to focus on the future and not to critique the ideas, when they hear them.
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Ask the parties to sign a formal agreement. It should be specific and realistic.
The mediator can start the mediation process like this:
“I’m going to explain the mediation process, and my role in it is to make sure everyone understands the process…”
Practice What You Have Learnt
Do you believe that you should interfere in a conflict between two of your friends? Why/why not? State your opinion and give reasons to support it. Write all the adjectives in bold.
Write 150 - 200 words.
Mediating Conflicts
By Chneran
I have experienced the difficult role of being a mediator which I believe will solve conflicts most of the time. Sometimes, your friends have small problems, but they do not compromise because both sides think that they are right. In this case, there should be someone to gather them. However, being a mediator is sometimes problematic for the mediator should be someone who controls the situation and recommends solutions including the two sides to follow. Being a mediator saves relationships which sometimes people forget about. When friends, especially teenagers, have problems, they forget that they were friends just because they are upset or because of being selfish, so they try to hurt each other in any way possible to take revenge which is clearly a bad situation and should be solved, so gathering these people is not easy but necessary. To this end, I think that mediators play an important role in solving social problems - especially when the mediator is someone reliable.